The “order” of a cavity filter typically refers to the number of resonant cavities (resonant elements) in the filter. It is a key parameter that reflects the structural complexity and electrical performance of the filter. Each resonant cavity corresponds to one pole; therefore, a higher order enables stronger frequency selectivity.

      From a performance perspective, the order directly affects selectivity and out-of-band rejection. Higher-order cavity filters can achieve steeper roll-off characteristics between the passband and stopband, as well as significantly improved suppression of adjacent-channel and far-out interference. For this reason, they are commonly used in communication systems with stringent spectral isolation requirements.

      However, increasing the order involves trade-offs. Insertion loss, physical size, weight, and tuning difficulty generally increase with higher order. In addition, tighter manufacturing tolerances and higher costs are required. Consequently, in practical designs, an appropriate filter order is selected by balancing performance requirements against size, complexity, and cost constraints.

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